Ever wonder why Pepsi was once called Brad’s Drink? Learn how iconic companies like AOL and Samsung pivoted from humble beginnings to global giants.

The 'what' of a business—the product—is often less important than the 'how'—the way they connect with people. A brand is not a stone monument; it is a living organism that must evolve its identity to match the era.
The drink was created in 1893 by a pharmacist named Caleb Bradham, who initially called it "Brad’s Drink." He eventually renamed it Pepsi-Cola because he believed the ingredients helped with dyspepsia, which is the medical term for indigestion. This reflects the brand's early history as a health tonic sold in a drugstore before it became a global soda giant.
AOL began in 1983 as Control Video Corporation, offering a service called Gameline that allowed users to rent Atari 2600 games over phone lines. After the video game crash of 1983, the company pivoted to "Quantum Computer Services" to focus on the rising popularity of home computers like the Commodore 64. They eventually rebranded to America Online in 1889 and found massive success by simplifying the user experience with graphical interfaces and iconic features like "You've Got Mail."
Several global giants began in industries unrelated to their current fame. Samsung started in 1938 as a grocery shop exporting dried fish and noodles, only moving into electronics in the 1960s. Nokia began as a Finnish paper mill in 1865 and later manufactured rubber boots and tires before entering telecommunications. Similarly, Lamborghini was originally a successful tractor manufacturer until a dispute with Enzo Ferrari inspired the founder to create his own line of supercars.
The founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, originally called their search engine "BackRub" because it analyzed back links. In 1997, they decided to rename it after the mathematical term "googol," which represents a one followed by a hundred zeros, symbolizing the vast amount of data they were indexing. However, when registering the domain, someone accidentally misspelled it as "Google.com," and the founders liked the version so much they decided to keep it.
NASCAR has its roots in the era of Prohibition in the United States. Moonshiners modified standard-looking "stock" cars with powerful engines and heavy-duty suspensions to outrun the police while transporting illegal alcohol on winding rural roads. These drivers began racing each other for fun, leading to the first sanctioned professional event in 1948 and the eventual formation of a professional sporting organization.
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From Columbia University alumni built in San Francisco
